Frankenstein Is A Romantic Novel - 1996 Words

Ryan Li 8/21/17 AP Lit/Comp Summer reading Frankenstein Frankenstein is written by Mary Shelley and published on January 1, 1818. It is a horror fiction/science fiction novel. It was written between the Gothic and romantic literary periods. Mary Shelley was born on August 30, 1797 in London, England. She was an English novelist, essayist, travel writer, biographer, and short story writer. She died on February 1, 1851 in London, England. Frankenstein is a romantic era novel because it conveys nature as a place free from society, and that emotion is the source of experience, and that there is no division between the artist and art or, in this case,no division between creator and creation. Also exhibits some†¦show more content†¦When he receives a letter from his father. It told him that his brother, William, has been murdered and that the murderer had left only marks around William’s neck from his fingers. A grief stricken Frankenstein flees back home while passing the spot that one was murdered the catches a glimpse of what he believes to be the monster he created. Frankenstein arrives in Geneva he finds out that a girl that I ve been adopted by the Frankenstein s, Justine, was accused of the crime she was tried and executed despite the Frankenstein s appeals that she was innocent. Victor Frankenstein, the scientist, become sudden because he knows that it is his fault. Frankenstein tries to forget what is done by traveling to the mountains. While he is alone the monster approaches him and admits to the murder of William. The monster explains that it was an attempt to injure his creator who had left him to a cruel existence of no sympathy. The monster implores Frankenstein to create a mate for him so that he may not be alone anymore. Victor refuses but the monster’s impassioned plea convinces him and Frankenstein set off to England to start his work. Frankenstein goes to a secluded Scottish island to begin creating the monsters companion. Well Frankenstein was alone working on the second monster he thought about the potential consequences and the fact that The monster he was creating might not have the same mindset as the first Monster. Frank you send then destroys his work and in rangeShow MoreRelatedEssay about Romanticism in Frankenstein1010 Words   |  5 Pagesmany of the great minds of the Romantic Movement such as her husband Percy B. Shelley and Lord Byr on, it is natural that her works would reflect the Romantic trends. Many label Shelley ¡Ã‚ ¯s most famous novel Frankenstein as the first Science Fiction novel in history because its plot contains the process of a scientist named Victor Frankenstein creating a living human being from dead body parts, but that is only a part of the entire novel. At its core, Frankenstein is a product of Romanticism featuringRead MoreThe Impact Of The Romantic Period In Frankenstein By Mary Shelley964 Words   |  4 PagesMary Shelley and her novel, Frankenstein Mary Shelley, wife of Percy Shelley, became a highly respected household name after she wrote and published her famous novel, Frankenstein, during The Romantic Period. Mary Shelley indirectly reflects her backstory and The Romantic Period through Frankenstein, and even impacts The Romantic Period through her novel. Evidence of both the reflection of The Romantic Period and Ms. Shelley’s impact on it are found in her background, the time period itself (as wellRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley739 Words   |  3 Pagesfantasy world. The Romantic era is very popular in European countries and also considers learning more about of individual life, society, and the interconnections of humanity, nature, and divinity (â€Å"Romanticism 1†). English Romanticism being trendy in Europe, people would vent their outlooks onto their personal fiction works such as Mary Shelley. Shelley uses vivid creativity and romantic elements to create one of her admired novels, Frankenstein. I n Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein, most of the charactersRead MoreMany Of The Main Ideas Behind The Literary Movement Of1603 Words   |  7 PagesRomanticism can be seen in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Although the dark motifs of her most remembered work, Frankenstein may not seem to conform to the brighter tones and subjects of the poems of her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley, and their contemporaries and friends, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Mary Shelley was a contemporary of the romantic poets. Despite this apparent difference, Mary Shelley was deeply influenced by the romantics, and the reader of Frankenstein can certainly identifyRead MoreRomanticism in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley649 Words   |  3 PagesRomanticism in Frankenstein Romanticism was a movement that swept over all of Europe; it affected all areas of life and society, not only just literatruture. At its base was a belief in the rights of man and this impetus led to two enormously important resolutions: the American Revolution and the French Resolution. Romanticism does not only mean romantic love, it is a literary term characterized by elements. Some elements of romanticism are growth of industrialization, mingling of races, frontierRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein: A Gothic Novel1595 Words   |  7 PagesShelly’s Frankenstein is one of the greatest Gothic novels to come out during the Romantic Period. Frankenstein is a prime example of what a Gothic novel should present to its reader through the genre’s twisted themes. Even though it was written in the Romantic period, Mary Shelley still wrote Frankenstein to be a Gothic work of literature. Many characteristics of Gothic novel can be seen within this novel. Mary Shelley’ s outstanding novel Frankenstein is a prime example of a Gothic novel becauseRead MoreEssay about Frankenstein1685 Words   |  7 Pagesstill read and highly respected today. However, her best known work is Frankenstein. Mary Shelly’s first novel, Frankenstein, is one of the world’s finest pieces of literature and the definitive novel of the English Romantic Era; the novel combines a detailed critique on humanity with many powerful themes and multiple characters in the novel reflect the troubled woman who authored the classic tale. Shelly’s Frankenstein is easily regarded as one of the world’s finest pieces of literature. ARead MoreFrankenstein: Mary Shelleys Litererary Contribution During the Age of Enlightenment1038 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstood the language of the Romantics which contained different elements that were not necessarily about love referring to the common description of romantic. Some of these elements are Emotions, Childhood, Nature, The individual, the Common Man, the Past, the Supernatural, and the Innocent and Untouched. Mary Shelly was inspired by the literary elements of her era, so she produced various novels including â€Å"Frankenstein†. This novel is very famous for its multiple romantic elements throughout the textRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley640 Words   |  3 Pagesmy hands.† (Shelley, 178) The Romantic Movement began in the 1970’s and ended in the 1850’s. One of the key ideas shared by Romantics was that a literal and metaphori cal return to nature was necessary. They believed that the individual was the most important part of society. Romantics rejected the Scientific and Industrial Revolution. They believed that cities prevented individuals from discovering the sublime. Mary Shelley’s Romantic and Gothic novel, Frankenstein, opens with a series of lettersRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein - Romantic Ideology Of A Byronic Hero1270 Words   |  6 PagesShelly. Her novel Frankenstein, which was published in 1818, incorporates different characteristics of Romanticism in many aspects but more directly through the characters. With an analysis of Victor Frankenstein, the monster, and Henry Clerval, it is clear that the characters of Frankenstein epitomize ideologies that were embodied during the Romantic Era including the Byronic hero, and emphasis on nature’s significance. Victor Frankenstein s character is an example of the romantic ideology of a

A Diet Of Fasting And Its Effects On Children - 1804 Words

A diet mimicking fasting alleviates MS symptoms – the ‘fast’ way to reduce the effects of autoimmunity. A discussion of the article ‘A Diet Mimicking Fasting Promotes Regeneration and Reduces Autoimmunity and Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms’ which was published in June 2016, by In Young Choi, Laura Piccio, Patra Childress, Friedemann Paul, Markus Bock, Valter D. Longo Abstract Choi et al. have found that participating in a diet mimicking fasting can promote regeneration of myelin and reduce autoimmunity and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) symptoms. The paper reviews the effects a fast mimicking diet (FMD) has on EAE mice models. The results have found than cycles of FMD result in a decrease in score of disease severity, a decreasing in infiltrating immune cells i.e. CD11b+, MOG35-55/IAb+ cells, IL-17, IFN- ÃŽ ³ and an increase in the number of FoxP3+ helper cells and GST-Ï€. There was also an increasing in myelin staining in spinal cord sections in the FMD group. The results show that it is not chronic restriction that is most effective in reducing autoimmunity but instead cycles of FMD, explaining why a ketogenic diet did not perform as well in terms of disease reversing. Clinical trials have been carried out and FMD is proving to be a safe and effective way of treating MS symptoms, however further tests need to be applied to ensure efficacy, such as MRIâ €™s and immune assays. INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, neurological disease of the central nervous systemShow MoreRelatedMy Mothers Television : An Effective Option Before Diving Into Brain Surgery1167 Words   |  5 Pagesschool I stumbled across a made for TV movie about a special diet that had remarkable results with epilepsy patients. The movie is about a young epileptic boy with persistent, drug-resistant tonic-conic (grand mal) seizures. Over time I forgot the name of the movie but the diet involved little to no drug therapy and had remarkable results. I always remembered that the diet is called The Ketogenic Diet and that it was an ideal for children with otherwise untreatable epilepsy. Until recently, cliniciansRead MoreEating Habits1013 Words   |  5 PagesLeviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy of the Old Testament (and in the Torah) outlined the dietary practices for certain groups (e.g., Christians and Jews), and many of these practices may still be found among these same groups today. Practices such as fasting (going without food and/or drink for a specified time) are described as tenets of faith by numerous religions. Religious Belief Expressed as Food Customs To understand the reasons for nutritional and dietary customs in any religion requiresRead MoreThe Truth About Fasting. By Barry R Parker| Submitted On1447 Words   |  6 PagesThe Truth About Fasting By Barry R Parker | Submitted On November 09, 2014 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Barry R Parker The benefits of fasting have been big news lately. But how effectiveRead MoreThe Body s Energy From Four Key Fuels1655 Words   |  7 Pagesconditions a fourth fuel comes into play -ketones which are derived from the incomplete breakdown of free fatty acids. Under normal dietary conditions ketones play a minimal role in energy prodcition. During times of Low carb dieting or starvation diets ketones impact energy production significantly. When looking at storage of bodily fuels triglyceride is the most abundant. Carrbohydrate stiores are minimal compared to protein and fat. Although stored protein could possibly fuel the body longer thanRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus As A Chronic Disorder Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesof this disease include excessive thirst and appetite, increased urination, weight loss, fatigue, nausea and even vomiting. In order to diagnose diabetes doctors use 4 different tests. The A1C, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Random Plasma Glucose Test. Treatment include insulin, diet and exercise and other alternate choices. What is Diabetes mellitus? Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder involving carbohydrates, protein, fat metabolism and insulin. â€Å"It affects over 26 millionRead MoreTo Intermittent Fast, or not to Intermittent Fast, that is the question900 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever heard of intermittent fasting? Could you have ever imagined that not eating breakfast could bring you untold health benefits? Chances are you never came across intermittent fasting, well; trust me I guarantee you are missing out if you are unaware of it. By the end, of this article I am certain you will understand what intermittent fasting is and why it is so popular. What is intermittent fasting? Intermittent fasting, (also called periodic fasting PF) is a type of eating pattern usedRead MoreHistory Of The Ketogenic Diet2388 Words   |  10 PagesHISTORY OF THE KETOGENIC DIET: Dating even before Biblical times people realized that periodic and prolonged fasting was beneficial for epileptics. Little was known about why or how, but prolonged fasting could last up to 2 or 3 weeks. For some it involved clear broth diets and others abstained from everything but water (Key). It wasn’t until 1921 at the American Medical Association convention in Boston that endocrinologist (bordering on quacksalver) H. Rawle Geyelin from New York Presbyterian reportedRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Society1455 Words   |  6 Pages(Feldman, 2012, pg. 325). This health problem not only affects adults but also a lot of children. Obesity has increased over the past decade, particularly people that are facing obesity are using inadequately devise diets. Of course there are many causes for this health problem that maybe it is not easy to avoid for numerous amounts of individuals. Our nation has increasingly become consumers of a fast food diet. Overweight people are affected by physical and emotional health problems, a few ofRead MoreHealth Of Kicker With Type B, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia1874 Words   |  8 PagesKicker, a 3 year-old boy, who has never been to a doctor, never received any type of shot or poke, eaten a clean, nutrient dense diet throughout his short three years and never had anything toxic on his skin, was sitting in the cold hospital room waiting for news of a diagnosis. Nurses came in and out of the waiting room, bringing in needles, advice, paperwork and machines. All of which were intimidating to a 3 year-old and his mother, Season, who happened to be a holistic nutritionist. A nurse cameRead MoreAdult Diabetes And Insulin Dependent Type Diabetes Mellitus ( Iddm )1624 Words   |  7 PagesDiabetes was once referred to as Juvenile Diabetes or Insulin Dependent type Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). Type 1 diabetes, is an incurable but treatable disease which can occur at any age but is mostly found in child ren. Couch et al. (2008) states, â€Å"Juvenile diabetes affects about 1 in every 400-600 children and more than 13,000 are diagnosed yearly† (pg. 1). A 2014 CDC fact sheet concerning diabetes, showed that, â€Å"In adults, type 1 diabetes accounts for approximately 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes

Virus- †Malicious Software †Introduction Free Essays

Introduction This assignment will explain about today’s most dangerous challenges for computer users, developers, professionals and all, one common step of assault on computer is ‘malicious computer program called Virus’. They have many different types; some of them can do very devastating effect on system and cost fortune as well. Most of the organisations have big challenges to block such a data effecting viruses. We will write a custom essay sample on Virus- – Malicious Software – Introduction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Estate agency business is the one of the organisation which is always a treat because of there confidential data-transferring between clients and staffs, so it’s effecting companies network performances and productivity. We will see some of them and understand how we can protect systems. About There have been well said about viruses from Microsoft (2006) â€Å"Computer viruses are small software programs that are designed to spread from one computer to another and to interfere with computer operation. A virus might corrupt or delete data on your computer, use your e-mail program to spread itself to other computers, or even erase everything on your hard disk†. Computer viruses are some well written programs by programmers. They will upload on your computer or server without your information and execute without your knowledge. Some of them will corrupt or delete your important data as well as application files. An even more they will attack on your system files, networks. They will distribute your data form one computer to another. It’s depends on different kind of viruses and there own capability. History â€Å"There are times when people want to destroy computers. In a time of war, a country may want to hamstring their enemy by destroying their intelligence databases (Ludwig, 1996)†. According to Spamlaws (2010) ,There are plenty of malicious software ,which is effected on computers . ostly know as viruses, spywares, trojan hourses and worms, rootkits and many other dangerous program which effect on system . As per comparisen these are different to each other : Viruses : Comuter viruses make system halt or keep contatly shuting down and do damages to files so user have difficulties to access documents or any other applications. These type of virsues make such damages which can be seen. Spyw are:These types of software is installed on computer without user’s knowladge. They will change computer settings, make computer functionality difficult to use. They will collect data from users computer and sendback to remote host. Capable to hack your password,financial information. Trojan hourse: According to Cicso(2010), it is harmful piece of software,after it is activated,it can irritating the user by popping up windows,changing desktops,damaging deleting files,staling data as well as activating and spreading viruses. Worms:Worms are damaging and irritating others network than host computer, it is dangarous to sending viruses to other computers without effecting host computer. Athors claim,(Ianelli,Kinder and Roylo,2007)â€Å"If attackers can get their malware downloaded on victims system,they can earn money by causing the system to run the pay-per-install software†. Causes to Estate Agency Bussiness : Unlikely other businesses Estate agency is always an attackers target because of ‘Confidential’ data transfering on Internet with its clients. By virus attack it can be posible to change in important documents or companies policy,as per McAfee (2000),In 2000 ‘ILOVEYOU’ virus had similarly damage to thousands of computer. Virus can make very devastating effect on Estate agencies e-mail system,which is always busy for transfering important application files (DOC,. EXL,PPT etc) between millions of computer,as per CERT (1999),In1999 ‘Melissa’ virus was so powerful that it forced Microsoft’s and other big organisation to switch off their Email systems. Similarly ‘Twitter worm’ has effected upto quarter of millions twitter accounts in Jan 2010. Suggetion for better use of computer systems in Estate agency : ? Manage and admin all data, email system and applications centralized. ? Keep backup regularly and easily. ? Add new clause in ‘Turms of use’ for fair use of data handling to all users. ? Install Anti-virus software that will update regularly to check all downloaded files and block new spywares. Show and prove more commitement to data security within organisation. ? Use more secure operating systems like UNIX, LINUX. ? Avoid downloading unsecured data software from third party web sites or unathorized CD, DVD or external memory stick’s. ? Provide technical support to staff about how to deal with such odd files or data. For example, never run executable files (. EXE) which comes with email attachments. ? It is an advantage to use malware analysis software with the email system. Conclusion : Investment into Companies IT infrastructure will help to block malicious software and improve security for online communication. It can be reduce cost on system maintenances and additional accessories like software, hardware. Staff can work more efficiently and more positively to produce better results. Customer’s as well more assured about data security with the organisation. They don’t be worried about confidentiality of sharing personal data with the company. Satisfied customers is the most important key factor to become a successful organisation. References used in this assignment : o CERT,1999, http://www. cert. org/advisories/CA-1999-04. html ( Last accessed 31/10/2010) o Cisco, 2010, What is the difference:Viruses,Worms,Trojans and Bots? http://www. cisco. om/web/about/security/intelligence/virus-worm-diffs. htm l( Last accessed 30/10/2010) o Ianelli,N. ,Kinder,R. and Roylo,C. (2007) The use of malware analysis in support of law enforcement (P. ) Carnegie mellon university o Ludwig, M. A. (1996) The little black book of computer viruses (p. 11). Arizona: American eagle publication. o McAfee,2000, http://vil. nai. com/vil/content/v_98617. htm (Last accessed 30/10/2010) o Microsoft,2006, http://www. microsoft. com/uk/protect/computer/basics/virus. mspx ( Last accessed 30/10/2010). o Spamlaws ,2010, http://www. spamlaws. com/malware-types. html ( Last accessed 01/11/2010) How to cite Virus- – Malicious Software – Introduction, Papers

Impact of Hazards at PACT Construction Company †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Hazards at PACT Construction Company. Answer: Introduction Hazards have now become a part of almost every industry. The construction industry is not any different. There are numerous hazards present in the construction industry, which are very risky for the lives of many (Bahn, 2013). This is because of such reasons it is important that the respective industry take a proper care of its hazards, so that, the risk level could be minimized. To understand the topic clearly, a discussion of some hazards in the chosen organization would be a handful way to proceed with. In this context, the learner has chosen the PACT Construction as its organization, which is in Australia. The main purpose of this assignment is to discuss the identified hazards at the workplace of the chosen company. Moreover, the study would also provide some way out to control the identified hazards, so that, it could not cause much severity at the workplace. Description of the organization The chosen company is in the construction industry in Australia. The company was founded in the year 2003. Now, the company has approximately around 51-200 employees. The company has its specialities in Designing Construction, Project Management and Cost Planning. The company has received some accolades as well such as the prestigious construction award from the Master Builders Association (MBA) (Mills, Smith Love, 2012). Definition of a hazard A hazard can be defined as a potential resource that can harm or affect the health of a person (Scheer et al., 2014). Hazard and risk are close to each other in meaning; however, they differ to each other evidently. For example, in a room where there is a spill of water, it is hazardous if someone put his or her legs on the spilled water. The one would slip down; however, if the particular area is protected by mean of some physical barrier, the risk would be reduced while the hazard would still be there. A hazard is never safe until and unless any efforts are given to reduce the level of risk in it. Workplace environment The PACT construction is a construction based company that not only involves its participation in the construction works but it also designs the construction plan. In such organizations, hazards is not only restricted to the construction sites only but it is also found in places where the raw materials are kept. It is very difficult to prioritise the hazards available at the workplace. However, to justify the requirement of the task the two-selected hazards in the chosen organization are as follows (Bahn, 2012): Lifting of raw materials by crane at the construction site Noise The workplace environment is divided into two sections such as the official premises and the construction sites. The official premise is for the official persons such as those takes care of the back end operations. The backend operations include various operations such as the stock maintenance, customer service, frontline services, IT services etc. Construction sites mainly deals with the construction process, which is participated by various workforce such as the crane operator, heavy motor machines operator, site supervisors, safety officers, labours etc. The construction sites used to be highly polluted with the various resources of pollution such as the noise pollution. The noises of crane operation and the operation of heavy machines cause the sound pollution to happen at the construction sites (Golmohammadi et al., 2013). Description and classification of identified hazards Lifting of raw materials is the most frequent resource of risk, which happens because it is done with the help of crane. There are cases, which provide the evident of such risks. One of the most recent examples of such incidents is the fall of an entire crane on the some part of the area, which is popularly known as Al-Haram (Rahman et al., 2017). Al-Haram is very popular among the Muslims. This is one such instance, which states the threat of hazard present at the construction sites. One of the most hazardous places in the chosen organization is the construction sites where it uses the crane to lift the required raw materials. This is hazardous because it is a resource to risk. Noise is the other resource to risk in the chosen organization. This is less evident physically; however, it is highly evident with the employees who have been in long-term participation with the company. It is highly injurious to hearing capabilities. It gradually develops with the passage of time. Noise pollution is highly visible at the construction sites, which is created by various means such as the cranes, the numbers of labours working at the sites and the other heavy motor machines (Seixas et al., 2012). The most dangerous of all the noises are the noises created by the heavy motor machines that use to process the mixing of cements with sands. These all processes are the requisite for the construction process. It is also not feasible to reduce the level of risk in such cases, as the heavy motor machines are required for mixing up the raw materials. Lifting of raw materials is hazardous because it can anytime fell down upon someone. The risk of the hazard can be prevented such as by carefully looking after the lifting process. However, circumstances are there that even test the risk prevention method implied at the construction sites. The falling down of the entire crane on the some part of the Al-Haram is a good evidence of such facts (Rahman et al., 2017). Construction sites can have reduced risks, which is very much possible with the implementation of safety parameters or the implementation of some codes of practices at the workplace. However, it is never practical to entirely nullify the effect of hazard, which is present at the workplace of PACT Constructions working sites. Noise is hazardous because it would hamper the listening capabilities of those who work at the construction sites (Hussin, Rahman Memon, 2013). It is a long process; however, it is very vital because it becomes a reason for a physical damage in human body. Methods that helped to identify the hazards The hazards were identified with the help of information provided by some external body such as the Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) (Friend Kohn, 2014). OSHA is primarily focussed on providing a healthy working environment where employees could work under a highly secured atmosphere. They do provide a set of hazards that are probable with the different industry in Australia. The information on the hazards supplied by OSHA has helped to identify the two risks, which have been discussed earlier in this study. Various other ways have also helped to gather information on the hazards present at the different construction sites of the PACT Construction Company. Such different ways are as follows: Operating manuals on different machineries and equipments used at the construction sites Records generated on previous cases of injuries, such as the records supplied by OSHA 300 and 301 logs (Reese, 2015) Compensation reports and records of Workers Existing safety capabilities of the organization These all methods have helped to gather different information on hazards. The reports supplied by OSHA and the record of injuries in the past have helped immensely in identifying the two hazards that have already been discussed in this study. Hazard control using the Hierarchy of Control) The mentioned Hierarchy of Control is a good weapon to control the hazards at the workplace and to reduce its adverse effects on the workforce. The hierarchy of control measures is divided into six different procedures such as the follows: Elimination of the hazard- The elimination of hazard is not entirely attainable. However, efforts can be given to reduce its adverse effect on the workforces. The one initiative can be taken such as the selection of a highly skilled crane operator. The human resource department of the PACT Construction needs to revise their recruitment criteria for the crane operators. The highly experienced crane operators should only be selected (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Providing some barrier to reduce the risk- The use of alternative option may help to reduce the effect of hazard to some extent. This is a very good option for many hazard related prevention. However, in the chosen case it is not highly viable. In such cases, it is advisable to adopt some effect reducing process such as the use of heavy cranes. This would reduce the risk of meeting with an accident as the load lifting capability would then be enhanced. Noise reduction is not possible; it is rather bound to happen. However, PACT Construction can initiate the health check-up campaign on quarterly basis. Workers can be encouraged to attend such check up campaigns to know the status of their hearing capability (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Hazard isolation- Isolation is another effective process, which could help to reduce the risk level of hazard. Such as placing the noisy heavy machines in an enclosed glass chamber if it is possible. This would prevent the sound from travelling to the workers. Similarly, workers should be strictly ordered to be away from the operation area while the lifting of materials is under process. This would also reduce the risk level (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Using the engineering controls- Using the engineering tool, risk level can also be reduced. Such as selecting the remote areas for constructions. This would keep the operation away from the population. Hence, this would reduce the risk level of the hazards, which is in high proximity while working within the population (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Using the administrative system- The risk level could also be reduced by implementing some changes in the organizational practices. This would include but are not limited to such as training on the safety parameters, adopting an appropriate operating system guided by few codes of practices and cancelling the participation of workers who are unfit (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Implementing equipments for personal protection- Personal protecting system would be a better idea to reduce the risk level. Such as the use of earmuffs while operating near to the heavy machines. This would protect from the noisy atmosphere, which is a better way to be prevented from the loss of hearing capabilities (Drfler, Simpson-Porco Bullo, 2016). Codes of Practice to manage the risk The implementation of the Mobile Crane Code of Practice 2006 can help the PACT Construction Company in reducing the risk level of the identified hazard. This is an approved code of practice under the Act for the Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (Zhou, Whyte Sacks, 2012). However, the implementation of the mentioned code of practice depends on the following duties: Officers- The directors of the chosen company needs to take some responsibilities to ensure that the implementation of the mentioned codes of practice is widely used at the workplace. This also includes the assurance of all the required equipments or strategies, which is needed to ensure a less risky work environment (O'Neill Wolfe, 2014). Workers- Workers need to take care of their own safety as well as their colleagues. They need to adhere to the safety codes of pactice to ensure a safe working environment (Barak, 2016). Duty holders- It is theresponsibility of the management to enquire the safety related precautions used by different responsible positions in the chosen company. This would ensure an appropriate and steadily flow of safety parameters at the workplace (Cooper, 2012). The implementation of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 would encourage the employer to implement the recommended quarterly health campaign at the workplace. This would also encourage the workers to adhere to the code of practice. The chosen Act encourages the facilitation of a safe working environment for the workers. This also encourages the workers to attend the health campaigns to remain healthier. Conclusion The PACT Construction Company needs to initiate the implementation of some safety parameters such as the use of equipments like earmuffs to avoid ear from the harmfulness of the noisy machines. On a similar note, the company needs to adopt some codes of practice such as the Mobile Crane Code of Practice 2006 and the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 to implement a safe working environment at the workplace. This would not only ensure the safety of workers but would also speed up the progress of the project. References Bahn, S. (2012). Workplace hazard identification: what do people know and how is it done?. Bahn, S. (2013). Workplace hazard identification and management: The case of an underground mining operation.Safety science,57, 129-137. Barak, M. E. M. (2016).Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Cooper, T. L. (2012).The responsible administrator: An approach to ethics for the administrative role. John Wiley Sons. Drfler, F., Simpson-Porco, J. W., Bullo, F. (2016). Breaking the hierarchy: Distributed control and economic optimality in microgrids.IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems,3(3), 241-253. Friend, M. A., Kohn, J. P. (2014).Fundamentals of occupational safety and health. Bernan Press. Golmohammadi, R., Mohammadi, H., Bayat, H., Habibi Mohraz, M., Soltanian, A. R. (2013). Noise annoyance due to construction worksites.Journal of research in health sciences,13(2), 201-207. Hussin, J. M., Rahman, I. A., Memon, A. H. (2013). The way forward in sustainable construction: issues and challenges.International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences,2(1), 15-24. Mills, A., Smith, J., Love, P. (2012). Barriers to the Development of SME's in the Australian Construction Industry.Construction Economics and Building,2(2), 71-79. O'Neill, S., Wolfe, K. (2014). Officers' Due Diligence: Is Work Health and Safety an Accounting Problem.Journal of Health Safety Research Practice,6(1), 15-21. Rahman, J., Thu, M., Arshad, N., Van der Putten, M. (2017). Mass Gatherings and Public Health: Case Studies from the Hajj to Mecca.Annals of global health,83(2), 386-393. Reese, C. D. (2015). Occupational health and safety management: a practical approach. CRC press. Scheer, D., Benighaus, C., Benighaus, L., Renn, O., Gold, S., Rder, B., Bl, G. F. (2014). The distinction between risk and hazard: understanding and use in stakeholder communication.Risk Analysis,34(7), 1270-1285. Seixas, N. S., Neitzel, R., Stover, B., Sheppard, L., Feeney, P., Mills, D., Kujawa, S. (2012). 10-Year prospective study of noise exposure and hearing damage among construction workers.Occup Environ Med, oemed-2011. Zhou, W., Whyte, J., Sacks, R. (2012). Construction safety and digital design: A review.Automation in Construction,22, 102-111.

Showcase 7 Zelle Lite Websites Built by Our Users

Zelle Lite has been one of our most popular free theme for more than a couple of  years now. Were always excited to see what our users are capable of doing with the theme, and how theyre adapting it to their online brands and businesses.So today, we want to celebrate the creativity of our users, and share some of their sites with you.Everything that youre about to see was built with either Zelle Lite or a child theme based on it.Also, be on the lookout for similar initiatives like this in the future. Every once in a while, we send out a call for submissions email to our users and ask them to share their sites. If youre using any of our themes, subscribe to our email list so that you dont miss any future roundups and possibly get your website featured (form at the bottom).Seven cool user websites built on Zelle LiteGreenpeace Global Mapping Hubmaps.greenpeace.orgMapping advisory desk to Greenpeace worldwide.Heidis Hang Upswww.heidishangups.comStore with hand-crafted jewelry boards. United Statesdemixowww.demixo.deInternet agency. GermanyUTN.BAwww.frba.utn.edu.arUniversity website (UTN FRBA). ArgentinaHannah and Jessiewww.hannahandjessie.comVirtual assistant and concierge services to small businesses. United StatesMNMLmnmlcorp.comWebsite design business. SingaporeKraken Capital Watchwww.krakencapitalwatch.comFinancial events across the globe. United StatesGet your website featured in the next roundup. Subscribe to our newsletter:Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Supreme Court Case of Tinker v. Des Moines

Supreme Court Case of Tinker v. Des Moines The 1969 Supreme Court case of Tinker v. Des Moines found that freedom of speech must be protected in public schools, provided the show of expression or opinion- whether verbal or symbolic- is not disruptive to learning. The Court ruled in favor of Tinker, a 13-year-old girl who wore black armbands to school to protest Americas involvement in the Vietnam War. Fast Facts: Tinker v. Des Moines Case Argued: November 12, 1968Decision Issued:  February 24, 1969Petitioners: John F. Tinker and Christopher EckhardtRespondent: Des Moines Independent Community School DistrictKey Question: Does prohibiting the wearing of armbands as a form of symbolic protest while attending a public school violate students First Amendment rights?Majority Decision: Justices Warren, Douglas, White, Brennan, Stewart, Fortas, and MarshallDissenting: Justices Black and HarlanRuling: Armbands were deemed to represent pure speech and students do not lose their First Amendment rights to freedom of speech when they’re on school property. Facts of the Case In December 1965, Mary Beth Tinker made a plan to wear black armbands to her public school in Des Moines, Iowa, as a protest to the  Vietnam War. School officials learned of the plan and preemptively adopted a rule that prohibited all students from wearing armbands to school and announced to the students that they would be suspended for breaking the rule. On December 16, Mary Beth and more than two dozen other students arrived at their Des Moines high, middle, and elementary schools wearing black armbands. When the students refused to remove the armbands, they were suspended from school.  Eventually, five of the older students were singled out for suspension: Mary Beth and her brother John Tinker, Christopher Eckhardt, Christine Singer, and Bruce Clark. The fathers of the students filed a suit with a U.S. District Court, seeking an injunction that would overturn the schools armband rule. The court ruled against the plaintiffs on the grounds that the armbands might be disruptive. The plaintiffs appealed their case to a U.S. Court of Appeals, where a tie vote allowed the district ruling to stand. Backed by the ACLU, the case was then brought to the Supreme Court. Constitutional Issues The essential question posed by the case was whether the symbolic speech of students in public schools should be protected by the First Amendment. The Court had addressed similar questions in a few previous cases, three of which were cited in the decision. In Schneck v. United States (1919), the Courts decision favored restriction of symbolic speech in the form of anti-war pamphlets that urged citizens to resist the draft. In two later cases, Thornhill v. Alabama in 1940 (about whether an employee may join a picket line) and West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette in 1943 (whether students may be forced to salute the flag or recite the pledge of allegiance), the Court ruled in favor of First Amendment protection for symbolic speech. The Arguments Attorneys for the students argued that the school district violated the students right of free expression and sought an injunction to prevent the school district from disciplining the students. The school district held that their actions were reasonable ones, made in order to uphold school discipline. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the decision without opinion. Majority Opinion In  Tinker v. Des Moines,  a vote of 7–2 ruled in favor of Tinker, upholding the right to free speech within a public school. Justice Fortas, writing for the majority opinion, stated that It can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate. Because the school could not show evidence of significant disturbance or disruption created by the students wearing of the armbands, the Court saw no reason to restrict their expression of opinion while the students were attending school. The majority also noted that the school prohibited anti-war symbols while it allowed symbols expressing other opinions, a practice the Court considered unconstitutional. Dissenting Opinion Justice Hugo L. Black argued in a dissenting opinion that the First Amendment does not provide the right for anyone to express any opinion at any time. The school district was within its rights to discipline the students, and Black felt that the appearance of the armbands distracted students from their work and hence detracted from the ability of the school officials to perform their duties. In his separate dissent, Justice John M. Harlan argued that school officials should be afforded wide authority to maintain order unless their actions can be proven to stem from a motivation other than a legitimate school interest. The Impact Under the standard set by Tinker v. Des Moines, known as the Tinker Test, student speech may be suppressed if it amounts to a 1) substantial or material disruption or 2) invades the rights of other students. The court said, where there is no finding and no showing that engaging in the forbidden conduct would materially and substantially interfere with the requirements of appropriate discipline in the operation of the school, the prohibition cannot be sustained.   However, three important Supreme Court cases since Tinker v. Des Moines have significantly redefined student free speech since that time: Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser (7–2 decision handed down in 1986): In Washington state in 1983, high school student Matthew Fraser delivered a speech nominating a fellow student for student elective office. He delivered it at a voluntary school assembly: Those who declined to attend went to a study hall. During the entire speech, Fraser referred to his candidate in terms of an elaborate, graphic, and explicit sexual metaphor; the students hooted and hollered back. Before he gave it, two of his teachers warned him that the speech was inappropriate and if he gave it he would suffer the consequences. After he delivered it, he was told he would be suspended for three days and his name would be removed from the list of candidates for graduation speaker at the schools commencement exercises.   The Supreme Court ruled for the school district, saying that students are not entitled to the same latitude of free speech as adults, and the constitutional rights of students in a public school are not automatically coextensive with the rights of students in other situations. Further, the judges argued that public schools have the right to determine what words are deemed offensive and therefore prohibited in schools: the determination of what manner of speech in the classroom or in school assembly is inappropriate properly rests with the school board.   Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (5–3 decision handed down in 1988): In 1983, the school principal of Hazelwood East High School in St. Louis County, Missouri, removed two pages from the student-run newspaper, The Spectrum, saying that the articles were inappropriate. Student Cathy Kuhlmeier and two other former students brought the case to court. Instead of using the public disruption standard, the Supreme Court used a public-forum analysis, saying that the newspaper was not a public forum since it was part of the school curriculum, funded by the district and supervised by a teacher.   By exercising editorial control over the content of student speech, the Court said, the administrators did not infringe the students First Amendment rights, as long as their actions were reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns. Morse v. Frederick (5-4 decision handed down in 2007): In 2002, Juneau, Alaska, high school senior Joseph Frederick and his classmates were allowed to watch the Olympic Torch Relay pass by their school in Juneau, Alaska. It was the school principals Deborah Morses decision to permit staff and students to participate in the Torch Relay as an approved social event or class trip. As the torchbearers and camera crews passed by, Frederick and his fellow students unfurled a 14-foot long banner bearing the phrase BONG HITS 4 JESUS, easily readable by the students on the other side of the street. When Frederick refused to take the banner down, the principal forcibly removed the banner and suspended him for 10 days. The Court found for the principal Morse, saying that a principal may consistent with the First Amendment, restrict student speech at a school event when that speech is reasonably viewed as promoting illegal drug use. Online Activity and Tinker Several lower court cases explicitly referring to Tinker concern online activity of students and cyberbullying, and are making their way through the system, although none have been addressed on the Supreme Court bench to date. In 2012 in Minnesota, a student wrote a Facebook post saying a hall monitor was mean to her and she had to turn over her Facebook password to school administrators in the presence of a sheriffs deputy. In Kansas, a student was suspended for making fun of his schools football team in a Twitter post. In Oregon, 20 students were suspended over a tweet claiming a female teacher flirted with her students.  There have been many other cases in addition to these. A cyber-bullying case in North Carolina- in which a 10th-grade teacher resigned after students created a fake Twitter profile portraying him as a hyper-sexualized drug addict- led to a new law (N.C. Gen. Stat. Ann.  §14-458.1) which criminalizes anyone using a computer to engage in one of several specified prohibited behaviors.  Ã‚   Sources and Further Information Beckstrom, Darryn Cathryn. State Legislation Mandating School Cyberbullying Policies and the Potential Threat to Students Free Speech Rights Vermont Law Review 33 (2008–2009): 283-321. Print.Chemerinsky, Erwin. Students Do Leave Their First Amendment Rights at the Schoolhouse Gates: Whats Left of Tinker? Drake Law Review 48 (2000): 527-49. Print.Goldman, Lee. Student Speech and the First Amendment: A Comprehensive Approach Florida Law Review 63 (2011): 395. Print.Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier Oyez (1988)Johnson, John W. Behind the Scenes in Iowa’s Greatest Case: What Is Not in the Official Record of Tinker V. Des Moines Independent Community School District. Drake Law Review 48 (2000): 527-49. Print.Morse v. Frederick Oyez (2007)Sergi, Joe. Obscenity Case Files: Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District. Comic Book Legal Defense Fund, 2018.  Smith, Jessica. Cyberbullying. North Carolina Criminal Law 2010. Web.Tinker v. Des Moines Independen t Community School District. Oyez (1968). Wheeler, David R. Do Students Still Have Free Speech in School? The Atlantic April 7, 2014. Print.Zande, Karly. When the School Bully Attacks in the Living Room: Using Tinker to Regulate Off-Campus Student Cyberbullying. Barry Law Review 13 (2009): 103-. Print.

Management Focus Toward Enhancing Employee Job Satisfaction Essay

Management Focus Toward Enhancing Employee Job Satisfaction - Essay Example From a perspective of securing the needs of the business, in relation to productivity and profitability, it is often recognized that a happy and stable workforce contributes greatly to increased momentum within the company. Hence, an organization which is experiencing diminished staff morale and dissatisfaction (due to any number of internal reasons) forces managers to alter the characteristics of the employees’ specific job functions or enhance the organizational culture of the firm to better suit the diverse and psychological needs of their subordinates. For instance, if conflicts occur within the business, in relation to the quality of coworker relationships, management must take an active and visible role in promoting teamwork so as to alleviate non-productive animosities against other employees. In most instances, such conflict resolution involves addressing the concerns of both parties involved, calling a formal meeting (if necessary) to discuss to the problem in an open forum environment, and reinforcing that each employee maintains a responsibility to securing the needs of the business as a primary objective. Such actions reinforce that management is concerned and interested in the needs of his or her employees, which appeals to their psychological need for support and resolution of difficult coworker relationships. The end result of managerial intervention when social dysfunction occurs is a more stable organizational culture where employees’ needs are recognized and they perceive ample cooperation from their leadership

The economical journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The economical journal - Essay Example In this empirical analysis, I focus on discussing the major roles of micro and macroeconomics, and their effect on the economy. Classical theory suggests that free mobility of factors of production among diverse regions tends to level the relevant and supreme prices of prolific services in the different regions. The shift of labor from a region of high population to a lower populated region results in a drop in wage rates in the less populated region, relative to its land rates and commodities. At the same time, the high-populated region’s land rates would drop relative to real wages, which would rise. Equilibrium of complete and relation factors prices would lead to the cease of labor migration. In the Ohlin analysis, he compares two countries, Europe and America, with land and labor being immobile. Food and clothing are mobile and obey the production theory of productions; as a result, diminishing returns change the proportional unit relevant to changes in land and labor, af fects the marginal productivity. His analysis of proportional change in factors explains the difference in comparative advantage that occurs and assumes the resulting series of production and specialization. Ohlin attributes the food production in America, and land exhaustive industry to the point that the unit of American land is a lot to provide the needed labor force. In comparison, Europe has greater labor in relation to land, which alternately results in lower lands rents thus lead to the high production of clothing. This explains that each country would adapt the theory that favors their areas of specialization by using the abundant factor of production that is efficient to them. The neo-classical appearance of proportional gain In the figure below, the production-possibility curve in the American economy increases as labor and land shifts in an optimal manner compared to food production. This is possible since the proportion land and labors statistically proves the theory, wh ile keeping the marginal ratios of land and labor the same, and market wages to rent. In figure b, the production–curve for Europe is higher in clothing than food since labor is abundant, and it determines the output production unit. The steep slope for Europe's production curve confirms this theory relatively. Conclusion The study of microeconomics prepare the learner cope with numerous understanding of the economy, the mobility factors that are involved in production, like labor, and also the shift land rates relative to rent, which maximizes the output production unit. In my view, the subject is a fundamental basis for any student willing to major in economics INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FACTOR MOBILITY Introduction It is great achievement to come up with an economic structure that gives a framework of understand and examining major economic outcome of the day and future. In the early 1950s, the government actively regulated cross-border financial transaction. A study of the b ondage among international capital community, domestic trade and international trade is vast in today’s economy. International aspect mobility acts surrogate for trade in a different sense in (H-O-S) model, this is causes a decline in the degree of trade, as the volume of factors of production increases substantially. Theoretical works have proven that diverging models with standards H-O-S

Trend Analysis for Myer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trend Analysis for Myer - Assignment Example A new building was built and completed in 1914. From this base, Myer build the largest departmental stores in Australia (Harold, 2010). The death of Sydney in 1934 saw the management passed to Elcon Myer. In 1938, Elcon Myer passed on, and the management was passed to their cousin, Norman Myer, who led the company till his death in 1956. Myer then grew by promoting growth in its own stores and acquiring other stores (Harold, 2010). Taking the 2009 sales to be the base of analysis, the recorded sales in 2011 and 2012 fairly decreased. However, the sales for 2010 recorded a higher score than 2009’s. This can be attributed to many factors. In this breakdown, the 2009 sales assume a 100% mark, using it as a benchmark to calculate the deviations in percentages for the various years. The performance of sales in the respective years affects the realized profits. In 2010, profits went up as compared to 2009. This exclusive performance as compared to 2011 and 2012 respectively, can be attributed to the increase in sales, cost of goods sold, operating income and expenses directly linked to sales. On 2010, the concession sale recorded an 8% increase from 2009 and remained persistent to the year 2011. In 2012, it gained another 4 % increase. This means that Myer increased its sales by allowing their goods and services to be sold under contract or license by other businesses, not related to the chain of stores, in the geographical area (Bell, 1990). It is astonishing that 2010, which recorded higher sales revenue in 2010 as compared to 2011 and 2012, realized the lowest profits. This performance can be attributed to the following factors; in the same year, the sale revenue realized under customer loyalty program was an increases figure of 12% from 2009. This figure does not contribute in determining the profitability of the business as it was deferred to the next financial year. The operating revenues in 2010 are much lower as compared to 2011

Economic Costs of Civil War

Economic Costs of Civil War Costalli, S., Moretti, L., Pischedda, C. (2014). The Economic Costs of Civil War: Synthetic Counterfactual Evidence and the Effects of Ethnic Fractionalization. HiCN Working Papers, 184. This paper provides an analysis of the role of the civil war in the destruction of the economy of a particular region. This paper directly relates to the topic of big business because it is virtually impossible for any business organization to achieve growth in an environment that is not stable. Civil wars and conflicts normally have the capability of destroying the economy of a given region, and this is better reflected in Iraq, Sub-Saharan Africa and various regions of the world, which are prone to civil wars. This paper provides a detailed analysis on the impact of civil wars within an economy, and the best policies to enact for purposes of protecting a given economy from collapse. This paper directly relates to the current issues that involve the manner which organizations are doing business. This is because of globalization, and the era of multi-national corporations, where business organizations are involved in an expansion strategy aimed at increasing the share of their markets, and their profits. However, these organizations cannot invest in a hostile climate that is full of civil war. This is because they would most definitely make losses, and infrastructures do not exist, that can help in the facilitation of business activities. Therefore, having a complete understanding of the political and business environment of a particular region is important because it helps in the development of a decision on whether to expand in a given economy or not. The reason I choose this paper is based on the fact that the world is cur5rently experiencing a series of civil wars. This includes a civil war in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Nigeria, etc. These wars play a role in limiting the growth of these states, and in the conduction of international trade. For example, a country such as Nigeria, Iraq and Libya has various multi-national corporations which are in charge of drilling oil, and exploring oil substances. Civil conflicts and political instability would scare off international investors, leading to the collapse of the economies of these countries. The limitation of this paper, is that it does not provide adequate information on how top prevent civil wars. I intend to get this information from books, specifically books written about democracy and politics. Political journals would also be another source of information aimed at supplementing the information contained in this article. This is the first article I would review, specifically because it introduces us to factors that may hinder the emergence of big business organizations within an economy. Sab, R. (2014). Economic Impact of Selected Conflicts in the Middle East: What Can We Learn from the Past? IMF Working Papers. This paper examines the causes of conflict, in making countries to be unstable. This paper concerns itself with Middle-East, where it analyzes how civil wars, political instabilities has led to a slowdown in economic growth, high inflation, loss of revenues, large fiscal deficits etc. Through this paper, we are able to learn that it is virtually impossible to carry out business activities in a political environment that is not stable. This paper relates with the current business environment, because of the concept of international trade, where multi-national companies normally seek to invest in stable political economies. Therefore, we are able to learn while these companies do not invest in most unstable countries of Middle East. The motivation of using this article, is based on the need of understanding how politics play a role in influencing the growth of business organization. There are gaps in this paper, and one is that it does not provide the methods to use in promoting good governance and political stability. Therefore, I intend to use books, specifically, books on democracy and governance for purposes of addressing the shortcomings of this article. This is the second article I would review, because it is directly related to the first article. Wandschneider, K. (2014). Capital Controls and Recovery from the Financial Crisis of the 1930s. C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, 10019. This paper relates to the topic Big Business because it outlines and explains the various capital regulatory measures that were enacted by government organizations in the financial crisis that occurred during the periods of 1930s. It is very essential to understand the response of the regimes during these eras, in terms of capital flights, because big business organizations are always characterized by the control of large capitals that they use for purposes of investing within the regions or areas of their operations. To safeguard the collapse of an economy because of capital flights, it is necessary to introduce capital control measures that are targeted to big business organizations. Hence this article is very important, because it provides this kind of information. The information contained in this article is highly relevant in the current business environment. This is because the world has just experienced a global recession which was similar to that which took place in the 1930s. The response of the government was also the regulation of large business enterprises, and interfering with their activities for purposes of protecting them from going bankrupt. This aspect of the regulation of big business organization is therefore important, because of the great role they play in the development of the economy of a particular state or region. The global recession affected almost all major international companies, and they were at the verge of collapsing, hence the intervention of their home governments. This paper is therefore a motivation to me, because it explains the methods used in controlling and regulating big business organizations so that they may not fail in their operations. However, this paper only centers on the role of government in regulating big business organization, hence the reduction of capital flights from these economies. It does not explain the role of other stakeholders such as investors, customers, etc. I intend to find this kind of information from other journals of economics, finance and business. References: Costalli, S., Moretti, L., Pischedda, C. (2014). The Economic Costs of Civil War: Synthetic Counterfactual Evidence and the Effects of Ethnic Fractionalization. HiCN Working Papers, 184. Sab, R. (2014). Economic Impact of Selected Conflicts in the Middle East: What Can We Learn from the Past? IMF Working Papers. Wandschneider, K. (2014). Capital Controls and Recovery from the Financial Crisis of the 1930s. C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, 10019.

French democracy 1970- future :: essays research papers

A comparative chronology of democracy/election and how it has and will influence politics in France between the time period of 1970-2020.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1958, the highly centralized Fifth Republic was created, which lasts to the present day. Its constitution is characterized by the strong executive powers vested in the presidency. This constitution was approved by popular vote, and direct elections every seven years elect a President. The President presides over a cabinet of members headed by a Prime Minister of his or her choosing. The legislative body is divided into two houses, the National Assembly and the senate, whose members are elected for nine-year terms. The National Assembly's members are directly elected for five-year terms. The Senate members are indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve nine-year terms. The French judicial system assesses the constitutionality of legislation that is referred to review by the Parliament, Prime Minister or President. The Fifth Republic was almost overthrown in 1968 by a radical alliance of students and industrial workers. In reaction, conservative presidents and center-right majorities in the National Assembly governed France throughout the 1970s. In 1981, a Socialist Francois Mitterland won the presidential election, the first time the Socialist party’s candidate had been victorious. In May 1988, he was reelected for a second term. Jacques Chirac, who had been both mayor of Paris and Prime Minister, had succeeded Mitterland as president in May of 1995 after a narrow victory over the Socialist challenger Lionel Jospin. In the legislature, Chirac had the benefit of a conservative majority. This came about after a victory for the right in the legislative elections in March 1993: unusually, the two right-wing parties, the Gaullist Rally for the Republic Party (RPR) and the more centrist Union Democratique Francaise (UDF)-normally fierce rivals, agreed to present joint candidates. Edouard Balladur of the RPR, a sometime Minister of Finance, became Prime Minister. In 1995, Balladur was replaced by Alain Juppe, whose rigorous pursuit of an economic austerity program undermined the support for the government and opened the way for revival of the left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Presently, France has a mixed presidential and parliamentary government that unites directly and popularly elected President, as Head of State, with a cabinet dependent on parliamentary confidence. As in other presidential governments, the president’s term is fixed, but he or she may be reelected an unlimited number of times. The French Constitution of 1958 reduced the power of the Parliament and conferred onto the President the right to dissolve the National Assembly and to appoint the head of French government, the Prime Minister, as well as the Council of Ministers. French democracy 1970- future :: essays research papers A comparative chronology of democracy/election and how it has and will influence politics in France between the time period of 1970-2020.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1958, the highly centralized Fifth Republic was created, which lasts to the present day. Its constitution is characterized by the strong executive powers vested in the presidency. This constitution was approved by popular vote, and direct elections every seven years elect a President. The President presides over a cabinet of members headed by a Prime Minister of his or her choosing. The legislative body is divided into two houses, the National Assembly and the senate, whose members are elected for nine-year terms. The National Assembly's members are directly elected for five-year terms. The Senate members are indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve nine-year terms. The French judicial system assesses the constitutionality of legislation that is referred to review by the Parliament, Prime Minister or President. The Fifth Republic was almost overthrown in 1968 by a radical alliance of students and industrial workers. In reaction, conservative presidents and center-right majorities in the National Assembly governed France throughout the 1970s. In 1981, a Socialist Francois Mitterland won the presidential election, the first time the Socialist party’s candidate had been victorious. In May 1988, he was reelected for a second term. Jacques Chirac, who had been both mayor of Paris and Prime Minister, had succeeded Mitterland as president in May of 1995 after a narrow victory over the Socialist challenger Lionel Jospin. In the legislature, Chirac had the benefit of a conservative majority. This came about after a victory for the right in the legislative elections in March 1993: unusually, the two right-wing parties, the Gaullist Rally for the Republic Party (RPR) and the more centrist Union Democratique Francaise (UDF)-normally fierce rivals, agreed to present joint candidates. Edouard Balladur of the RPR, a sometime Minister of Finance, became Prime Minister. In 1995, Balladur was replaced by Alain Juppe, whose rigorous pursuit of an economic austerity program undermined the support for the government and opened the way for revival of the left.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Presently, France has a mixed presidential and parliamentary government that unites directly and popularly elected President, as Head of State, with a cabinet dependent on parliamentary confidence. As in other presidential governments, the president’s term is fixed, but he or she may be reelected an unlimited number of times. The French Constitution of 1958 reduced the power of the Parliament and conferred onto the President the right to dissolve the National Assembly and to appoint the head of French government, the Prime Minister, as well as the Council of Ministers.